Biological sequences

Pearson W R and D J Lipman 1988. Improved Tools for Biological Sequence Comparison. Proceeding the National Academy of Sciences USA 85 2444-2448. 

SignalP (http //www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/SignalP), site of the Center for Biological Sequence Analisys (CBS) for prediction of the presence and location of signal peptides in given amino acid sequences. 

Pearson, W. R., and Lipman, D. J. (1988). Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85, 2444-2448. 

Gotoh, O. (1982). An improved algorithm for matching biological sequences./ Mol. Biol. 162, 705-708. 

Taylor, W. R. (1988). A flexible method to align large numbers of biological sequences. J. Mol. Evol. 28, 161-169. 

Durbin, R., Eddy, S., Krogh, A., and Mitchison, G. (1998). Biological Sequence Analysis Probabilistic Models of Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts. 

Petersen, S.B., Bohr, H., BohrJ., Brunak, S., Cotterill, R.M.J., Fredholm, H. et al. (1990) Training Neural Networks to analyze biological sequences. Trends in Biotechnology,... 

Levodopa (L-dopa) is a natural intermediate in the biosynthesis of catecholamines in the brain and peripheral adrenergic nerve terminals. In the biologic sequence of events it is converted to dopamine, which in turn serves as a substrate of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine. Levodopa is used successfully in the treatment of Parkinson s syndrome, a disease characterized by dopamine deficiency. When levodopa is administered to an individual with this syndrome, the symptoms of Parkinson s disease are ameliorated, presumably because the drug is converted to dopamine and thereby counteracts the deficiency. Individuals treated with levodopa, especially older men, have been observed to experience a sexual rejuvenation. This effect has led to the belief that levodopa stimulates sexual powers. Consequently, studies with younger men complaining of decreased erectile ability have shown that levodopa increases libido and the incidence of penile erections. Overall, however, these effects are short lived and do not reflect continued satisfactory sexual function and potency. Thus, levodopa is not a true aphrodisiac. The increased sexual activity experienced by parkinsonian patients treated with levodopa may reflect improved well-being and partial recovery of normal sexual functions that were impaired by Parkinson s disease. 

CAS Registry Numbers are unique numerical identifiers for chemical compounds, polymers, biological sequences, mixtures, and alloys, (http //www.cas.org/newsevents/ 10digitm.html accessed December 11, 2007). 

Biological sequences of naturally occurring nucleotides or peptides... 

Searls, D. B. (1997). Linguistic approaches to biological sequences. Comput Appl Biosci 13,333-44. 

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