Biological dynamic diversity generation

Complex Systems are systems that comprise many interacting parts with the ability to generate a new quality of macroscopic collective behavior the manifestations of which are the spontaneous formation of distinctive temporal, spatial or functional stmctures. Models of such systems can be successfully mapped onto quite diverse real-life situations like the climate, the coherent emission of light from lasers, chemical reaction-diffusion systems, biological cellular networks, the dynamics of stock markets and of the internet, earthquake statistics and prediction, freeway traffic, the human brain, or the formation of opinions in social systems, to name just some of the popular applications. 

While still a frontier art, the generation and application of femtosecond laser pulses to explore fundamental dynamical responses, particularly in dense media as diverse as biological cells to semiconductors, has emerged successfully as a strong spectroscopic, real-time tool for the 1990s. We briefly outline the femtosecond laser system constructed for the nonlinear optical Kerr experiments outlined in EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON FEMTOSECOND KERR RESPONSES and refer the reader to more detailed references for further discussion on the background theory and applications of quantum electronics (Reintjes, 1984 Kenney-Wallace, 1984 Kalpouzos et al, 1987 McMorrow et al., 1988a). 

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