Bioceramics bioactive ceramic composites

If a nearly inert material is implanted into the body it initiates a protective response that leads to encapsulation by a nonadherent fibrous coating about 1 i.m thick. Over time this leads to complete isolation of the implant. A similar response occurs when metals and polymers are implanted. In the case of bioactive ceramics a bond forms across the implant-tissue interface that mimics the bodies natural repair process. Bioactive ceramics such as HA can be used in bulk form or as part of a composite or as a coating. Resorbable bioceramics, such as tricalcium phosphate (TCP), actually dissolve in the body and are replaced by the surrounding tissue. It is an important requirement, of course, that the... 

Bonfield, W. (1993). Design of bioactive ceramic-polymer composites. An Introduction to Bioceramics, pp. 299-303, Hench, L. L, and Wilson,]., eds., Singapore World Scientific. 

While preparing bioceramic samples from various commercial materials available on the market, we have come across hardly predictable properties of the end product, like crystallinity degree, phase composition and, following, bioactivity and mechanical characteristics. One of the disadvantages while purchasing commercial calcium phosphate powders or commercial calcium phosphate ceramic materials is insufficient information about s5mthesis conditions of these calcium phosphates, raw materials and in which proportions these materials are taken. 

As it has been exposed, the fundamental limitation by the application of the ceramic, glass and glass-ceramics are their low mechanical properties. In order to tiy to avoid these limitations was proposed the use of these materials as part of a composite material. Bioceramic composite synthesis serves the purpose of enhancing the mechanical behaviour of the parent ceramic, glass or glass-ceramic, while maintaining its excellent bioeompativility and bioactivity. 

Bioceramic composites can be divided in bioiner, bioactive and biodegradable and the ceramic phase can be the reinforcing material, the matrix or both. 

DIM 95] DIMITROVA-LUKACS M., SUBA Z.S., MKLOS L., MINK J. and LUKACS P., Bone ash based composite bioceramics of good mechanical properties and high bioactivity . Proceedings of the 8 International Symposium on Ceramics in Medicine, Bioceramics, vol. 8, p. 403-408,1995. 

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