Bioactive eicosanoids

In addition to bioactive eicosanoids, the inflammatory response involves the sequential activation of various signaling pathways, including reactive oxygen intermediates, cytokines, growth factors, enzymes,... 

Claria J, Serhan CN. Aspirin triggers previously undescribed bioactive eicosanoids by human endothelial cell-leukocyte interactions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 1995 92 9475-9479. 

The lysoplasmalogen and other lysophospholipid acceptors that are substrates for transacylase activity appear to be formed by the direct action of a PLA2 on the appropriate membrane-associated phospholipid, thereby simultaneously releasing arachidonic acid for its subsequent metabolism to bioactive eicosanoid products (Chapter 12). In both the direct and indirect routes of lyso-PAF production, the action of a PLAj is required it is plausible that both routes participate in RAF synthesis to varying degrees. It is notable that both eicosanoid and PAF mediators can be formed via the remodehng pathway and that these mediators can act synergistically. 

There are many unanswered questions about the dual role that ether lipids serve as membrane components and as cellular signaling molecules. Although it is clear that arachidonic acid is closely associated and tenaciously retained by ether lipids in membranes, even in essential fatty acid deficiency, much remains to be elucidated about the enzymatic systems and regulatory controls that affect the release of this sequestered pool of arachidonic acid for its subsequent conversion to bioactive eicosanoid metabolites. The significance of ether lipids as a dietary nutrient has received little attention even though they occur in a variety of foods and it is known that ether lipid supplements are readily incorporated into cellular lipids. 

Murphy, RC (2001) Free-radical-induced oxidation of arachidonoyl plasmalogen phospholipids Antioxidant mechanism and precursor pathway for bioactive eicosanoids. Chem Res Toxicol, 14,463-472. 

Lee, S.H. and Blair, lA. (2009) Targeted chiral Upidomics analysis of bioactive eicosanoid lipids in cellular systems. BMB Rep. 42, 401 10. 

Yue, H., Strauss, K.L, Borenstein, M.R., Barbe, M.F., Rossi, L.J. and Jansen, S.A. (2004) Determination of bioactive eicosanoids in brain tissue by a sensitive reversed-phase liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr. B 803, 267-277. Puppolo, M., Varma, D. and Jansen, S.A. (2014) A review of analytical methods for eicosanoids in brain tissue. J. Chromatogr. B 964,50-64. 

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