Bio-organic materials

Thus the enrichment correction depends on the numerical value of 0.027 depletion of carbon-13 in plants, which in turn depends on the temperature at which the bio-organic material grew. The temperature coefficient for 13C/12C in marine plankton has been measured as 0.35 ppt/°C [59] and independently as 0.5 ppt/°C [60]. In the absence of more measurements we may assume it to be the larger of the two experimental values, namely... 

It is also possible to produce covalently bonded alkyl MLs on Si(l 11) surfaces using a variety of chemical reactions with passivated H-terminated Si(l 11), but the preparation methods are more complex than the immersion strategy in part due to the higher reactivity of silicon. This is a major achievement because it allows direct coupling between organic and bio-organic materials and silicon-based semiconductors. Both pyrolysis of diacyl peroxides (Linford Chidsey, 1993) and Lewis acid-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkenes and direct reaction of alkylmagnesium bromide (Boukherroub et al, 1999) on freshly prepared Si(lll)-H produce surfaces with similar characterishcs. These surfaces are chemically stable and can be stored for several weeks without measurable deterioration. Thienyl MLs covalently bonded to Si(l 11) surfaces have also been obtained, in which a Si(l 11)-H surface becomes brominated, Si(lll)-Br, and is further reacted with lithiated thiophenes (He etal, 1998). 

Bio-Organic Materials in the Atmosphere and Snow Measurement and Characterization... 

Keywords Bio-organic materials Atmosphere Snow Measurement Methods... 

The use of bio-organic material for accumulation is rather rare, whereas various tissues of mushrooms, fruits or vegetables are frequently employed as natural sources of enzymes in the configurations of biosensors. 

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