Binding, methods for

Elstner M, Porezag D, Jungnickel G, Eisner J, Flaugk M, Frauenheim Th, Suhai S and Seifert G 1998 Self-consistent-charge density-functional tight-binding method for simulations of complex materials properties Phys. Rev. B 58 7260... 

Within the Slater-Koster appro.ximation, we can easily test the validity of the approximations made in eqn (7) based on the graphene model. In Fig. 5 we depict the band gaps using the empirical tight-binding method for nanotube radii less than 1.5 nm. The non-metallic nanotubes n m) are shown in the... 

G. Seifert, Phys. Rev. B, 58, 7260 (1998). Self-consistent-charge Density-Functional Tight-binding Method for Simulations of Complex Materials Properties. 

Bylund, D.B., Deupree, J. D., Toews, M.L. Radioligand-binding methods for membrane preparations and intact cells, in Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 259 Receptor Signal Transduction Protocols, ed. Wdlars,... 

Pedersen, S. E., Lurtz, M. M., Papineni, R. V. L Ligand-binding methods for analysis of ion channel structure and fimction. Methods Enzymol. 1999, 294, 117-135. 

Frauenherm, T.. Seifert, G., Elstner, M., Hajnal, Z., Jungnickel. G.. Porezag. D.. Suhai. S.. and Scholz. R. 2000. A Self-consistent Charge Density-functional Based Tight-binding Method for Predictive Materials Simulations in Physics, Chemistry and Biology , Phys. Stat. Sol. B. 217. 41. 

Since the caseins differ in lysine content (14, 24, 11 and 9 residues for asl-, xs2-, / - and tc-caseins, respectively) they have different dye-binding capacities. This feature may be of some commercial significance in connection with dye-binding methods for protein analysis if the ratio of the caseins in the milks of individual animals varies (as it probably does). It should also be considered when calculating the protein concentration of zones on electrophoretograms stained with these dyes. 

Addition of specific compounds to milk has been used to allow spec-trophotometric measurement of lactose as the osazone (Wahba 1965) and fat by fluorescence (Bakhiren and Butov 1968 Konev and Kozlova 1970). The dye-binding method for measuring protein in milk is based on the ability of sulfonic acid dyes to complex with the basic amino acid residues of milk proteins at low pH (Fraenkel-Conrat and Cooper 1944). Dye binding correlates well with Kjeldahl (Sherbon 1970) and infrared (Mogot et al. 1982 Grappin et al. 1980) results, but variations are caused by the different compositions of the different milk proteins (Ashworth 1966 Vanderzant and Tennison 1961). 

Sherbon, J. W. 1970. Dye binding method for protein content of dairy products. J. Assoc. Offic. Anal. Chem. 53, 862-864. 

Many methods are available for measuring TCA-soluble peptides. Possibly the easiest is to measure the absorbance of the solution at 280 nm, as the absorbance at this wavelength is a function of the aromatic amino acid content of the solution. This approach requires a UV spectrophotometer, and the sensitivity of the assay is likely to be lower than that of some of the colorimetric assays. There are also several colorimetric peptide assays that can be applied to this type of peptidase assay, such as the Biuret, Lowry, and Bradford dye-binding methods (for comparison see Piyachomkwan and Penner, 1995). All of these methods measure a relative value rather than an absolute amount of peptide in solution. The results should thus be reported in terms of equivalents, such as BSA equivalents when using a calibration curve prepared using a BSA standard solution. 

EN45 lhara, H., Nakamura, H., Aoki, Y., Aoki, T. and Yoshida, M. (1991). Effects of serum-isolated vs synthetic bilirubin-albumin complexes on dye-binding methods for estimating serum albumin. Clin. Chem. 37, 1269-1272. 

Frauenheim T, Seifert G, Elstner M, Hajnal Z, Jungnickel G, Porezag D, Suhai S, Scholz R (2000) A self-consistent charge density-functional based tight-binding method for predictive materials simulations in physics, chemistry, and biology (2000) Physica Status Solid B 217 41-62 Espan ol P (1998) Fluid particle model. Phys Rev E 57 2930-2948... 

Rosenfield RL. A competitive protein binding method for the measurement of unconjugated and sulfate-conjugated dehydroepiandrosterone in peripheral plasma. Steroids 1971 17 689-96. 

Intensity measurement By far the most common mode of fluorescence modulation described to date is the increase or decrease of fluorescence intensity at a single emission wavelength upon analyte binding. Methods for halide ion and molecular oxygen analyses rely on non-chelative (coUisional) quenching by these... 

Ordejon P (1998) Order-N tight-binding methods for electronic-stracture and molecular dynamics. Com Mater Sci 12 157-191... 

Most of the semiempirical tight-binding methods for nanostructures are based on the parametrization of bulk systems. It consists of an iterative fitting procedure, performed on the tight-binding parameters, to match the bulk silicon band structure calculated using the most advanced techniques [21]. The as-calculated parameters are then applied to the study of the electronic properties of silicon nanostructures. When the nanostructures are well passivated, the surface is expected to play a minor role, and the main electronic and optical properties are determined by the nanocrystal core. 

---