Binder amount

Compressibility Low swelling Low binder amounts Low slurry viscosity... 

Note that dynamic viscosity has replaced the binder amount and bowl volume of the Leuenberger s relevance list, thus making it applicable to viscous binders and allowing long-range particle interactions responsible for friction. 

Binder Amount (% dry wood) Density (g/cm ) IB (psi) Thickness Swelling (%)... 

Alkan M. Yuksel A. Granulation in a fluidized bed. Part 2. Effect of binder amount on the final granules. Drug Dev ind Pharm 1986 l2( 0) l529-43. 

In foundry practice, these requirements are tried to be fulfilled with suitable combinations of sand and binder. The variables at hand of the foundry engineer are sand type (quartz, aluminum oxide, olivine, chromium, zirconium dioxide, artificial sands, like hollow sphere made from mullite), sand grain size and distribution, binder type, binder amount, hardener (amines, carbon dioxide), and curing temperature. 

Figure 34.1. Example of an aluminum alloy casting (AlSi7Mg0.6) cast into a sand mold with a core made from a RF-aerogel-bonded sand. The core had two circumferential notches. The core was removed by thermal decomposition at 350°C within 30 min. The inner surface has a shiny and smooth appearance, which is typical for RF-aerogel-bonded sands at higher binder amounts.

These basic first results were later extended in much detail leading to a quantitative description of the mechanical properties and their dependence on binder amount and sand grain size [4, 6, 7]. The mechanical properties were measured in great detail and depth by... 

Figure 34.4. Bending strength of RF-AeroSand (CB1450, binder amounts from 5 to 20 wt%) for different heat...

The strengths of Cartxui-AeroSands show the following correlation the strength decreases with reduction of the binder amount and with increasing grain sizes. The strength of sands with round grains is lower than that with splintery. 

The oxidation of the Carbon-AeroSand composites was investigated at different temperatures (Ji = 480°C, = 650°C) and binder amounts. The loss of weight was... 

Figure 34.13. Bending strength of Alodur Carbon-AeroSand composites for different grain sizes and binder amount with respect to the initial RF solution (wt%).

Figure 34.14. Oxidation level of Alodur based Carbon-AeioSands with a wall thickness of 2 cm. Measured in dependence of the binder amount and temperature.

All the pelletized samples show an hysteresis loop (type IV isotherm, see Fig. 2), indicating the presence of mesopores. For the HY zeolite, a non-dealuminated material, this is clearly the consequence of the binding with alumina (see the type I isotherm of the non-pelletized HY zeolite). Zeolite HDaY (powder) has a much larger mesoporous volume (0.20 cm. g" ) than zeolite HY (0.02 cm. g ), because of the dealumination treatment carried out on this zeolite. The binder alumina has a drastic effect on the samples it decreases the BET surface area and the microporous volume, and Increases the mesoporous volume (see Table 2). It is still not clear why there is such a difference between the macroporous volume of zeolite HY (0.20 cm. g" ) and zeolite HDaY (0.09 cm. g" ), although the binder amount (30 % weight) is the same in the two zeolites. 

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