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Biguanides elevation

Benzoguanamine has been prepared by the reaction of dicyandiamide with benzonitrile in a sealed tube at 220-230°,2 with an excess of benzonitrile in the presence of piperidine and potassium carbonate,3 with benzonitrile in a solvent in the presence of a basic catalyst,4 and with benzamidine hydrochloride at elevated temperatures.5 It has also been prepared from the reaction of biguanide acetate with benzamidine hydrochloride,5 or of bigua-nide sulfate with benzoyl chloride in an alkaline medium,7 and by the distillation of guanidine benzoate.5... [Pg.8]

An ingenious use of monoalkyl- or alkoxyalkylcyanamides in the synth is of biguanides utilises (201) their rapid dimerisation at elevated temperatures to cyanoguanidines (XXXIX), which are subsequently treated with hydroxyalkylamines any unchanged cyanamide would yield a guanidine ... [Pg.20]

Metformin is a biguanide derivative that can normalize an elevated blood glucose level, provided that insulin is present. The mechanism underlying this effect is not completely understood. Decreased glucose release from the liver appears to play an essential part. Metformin does not increase release of insulin and therefore does not promote hyperinsulinemia. The risk of hypoglycemia is relatively less common. Triglyceride concentrations can decrease. Metformin has proved itself as a monotherapeutic in obese type II diabetics. It can be combined with other oral antidiabetics as well as insulin. Frequent adverse effects include anorexia, nausea, and diarrhea. Overproduction of lactic acid (lactate acidosis) is a rare, potentially fatal reaction. It is contraindicated in renal insuf ciency and therefore should be avoided in elderly patients. [Pg.264]


See other pages where Biguanides elevation is mentioned: [Pg.255]    [Pg.57]    [Pg.27]    [Pg.213]    [Pg.945]    [Pg.1008]    [Pg.368]    [Pg.139]    [Pg.400]    [Pg.488]    [Pg.263]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.141 ]




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