Beryllium orbital diagram

Let s look at the ground state electron configuration and orbital diagram of the beryllium atom (4Be) which is the first element in group 2A. 

We can now predict the electron configurations and orbital diagrams for the ground state of lithium, which has three electrons, and beryllium, which has four electrons ... 

The beryllium chloride (BeCl2) molecule is predicted to be linear by VSEPR. The orbital diagram for the valence electrons in Be is... 

Which shows the orbital diagram for the element beryllium ... 

FOLLOW-UP PROBLEM 11.1 Use partial orbital diagrams to show how the atomic orbitals of the central atoms mix to form hybrid orbitals in (a) beryllium fluoride, BeF (b) silicon tetrachloride, SiCI (c) xenon tetrafluoride, XeF4. 

Similarly, we can write the electron configuration of beryllium as l/2s and represent it with the orbital diagram... 

In the atom of beryllium the fourth electron completes the as orbital and thus with boron the fifth electron must enter a ap orbital. The additional electrons of carbon and nitrogen each occupy a ap orbital as shown in the diagrams above. Once the three ap orbitals contain an electron each, the introduction of further electrons, as in the atoms of oxygen, fluorine and neon, bring about the completion of these orbitak. With neon the electronic shell n = 2 is completed since all the possible eight electron positions are filled and in accordance with this, the second period of the periodic classification contains eight elements. 

Beryllium hydride, BeH2, has four valence electrons, two from beryllium and one each from the two hydrogen atoms, all of which appear in its Lewis diagram. In VSEPR theory, the steric number is 2, so the molecule is predicted to be linear, and this prediction is verified by experiment. The electron configuration of the central atom is Be (ls) (2s). There are no unpaired electrons to overlap with H(ls) orbitals, so the VB model fails to predict the formation of BeHi. 

Draw an orbital energy-level diagram for diberyllium, Be2. Label the molecular orbitals with their symmetiy labels and represent the electrons as arrows in boxes. The spectrum of Be2 has been observed at low temperature. Would you have predicted the existence of Be2(g) from your diagram What is the normal form of beryllium at room temperature and atmospheric pressure ... 

Overlap of orbitals from central and surrounding atoms BeCl2- In beryllium chloride, the Be atom is sp hybridized. Figure 11.2B depicts the hybridization of Be in a vertical orbital box diagram, and part C shows the diagram with shaded contours. Bond formation with Cl is shown in part D. Two empty unhybridized 2p orbitals of Be he perpendicular to each other and to the sp hybrids. The hybrid orbitals overlap the half-filled 3p orbital in each of two Cl atoms. (The 3p and sp hybrid orbitals that are partially colored on the left become fully colored on the right, after each orbital is filled with two electrons.)... 

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