Benzo sulphonic acids

The enzymes commonly used are pure and have a high turnover number (48). They include horseradish peroxidase (with o-phenylene diamine as substrate which yields a yellow colored product, 2,2 azino-(3ethyl)-benzo-sulphonic acid gives green colored product, or tetramethyl benzidine gives a blue product) and alkaline phosphatase (with p-nitro phenyl phosphate as substrate to give a yellow /orange colored product). 

Mono brom amido benzo sulphonic acid. Barium di-brom benzo sulphonic acid. Barium nitro brom benzo sulphonic acid (hydrated). 

Barium nitro brom benzo sulphonic acid (anhydrous). 

Amido Benzo Sulphonic Acids. Amido Phenols. 

Diamine, benzo. dianil Chicago, chlorazol, naphthamine, etc., blues and Sky flues, sulphon acid blue, sulphoncyanine, sulphonazurine, erio fast bine S W R, tolyl blue G R extra and 5 R extra, etc. a ur is not V a r or tc dant. Mordant absent t Salt Dye stuff. Confirm by boil ing with 5 per cent, sodium acetate and a piece of white cotton. CbttOn stained. ><... 

Studies in aromatic sulphonation include full details of the rearrangement of sodium 1-naphthylsulphamate into the 4-sulphonate in dioxan-sulphuric acid, where S-studies show that the reaction is partly intramolecular. There are few syntheses of natural products offering an opportunity for employing aromatic sulphonation as an essential step, though a recent synthesis of the demethyl derivative establishes the structure of aeruginosin B as 2-amino-6-carboxy-10-methylphenazinium-8-sul-phonate. Ionization of aromatic sulphonic acids in aqueous sulphuric acid has been studied by u.v. spectroscopy, showing that the benzo-phenone H% and the acidity functions are followed substituent effects are small (Hammett p-value 0.7 0.2). 

Reaction at Sulphur.— The kinetics of the oxidation of benzo[/>]thiophen and its 3-substituted derivatives by perbenzoic acid in dichloromethane at 30 °C have been studied. The rate constants obtained for the first step, the oxidation to the sulphoxide, have been correlated with values, whereas the rate constants for the second step, of oxidation to the sulphone, have been correlated with values. A number of benzo[ft]thiophen and dibenzothiophen derivatives and their sulphoxides have been S- and O-alkylated, respectively, with silver perchlorate and alkyl halides. 5-Methoxydibenzothiophenium perchlorate reacted with amines to give 5-aminosulphonium salts, and with certain carbanions to give zwitterionic compounds such as (394). 

Metal oxides have been employed to catalyse the acylation of aromatics, leading to dimethylbenzophenones and 4-substituted benzophenones. The reaction of t-butylbenzene with benzoyl chloride in the presence of small amounts of ferric oxide leads to 4-t-butylbenzophenone. Substituted benzophenones have also been obtained by hydrolysis of the dilithium salts (68) formed by the reaction of lithium carboxylates with organolithium derivatives, and benzo-phenone-2 -methoxy-2-sulphinic acids (69) have been successfully prepared by displacement of the sulphone linkage in thioxanthen-9-one 10,10-dioxides (70)... 

No evidence could be obtained for the formation of 2ff-benzo[i>]thiet or its valence tautomer by irradiation of 3/f-l, 2-benzodithiole l,l-dioxide. Naphtho-[l,8-6c]thiet (58) has been prepared and its 5-oxide, and S -dioxide, have been obtained by oxidation with m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid. All three compounds react with lithium aluminium hydride to give ring-opened products as the result of hydride attack on sulphur. After reduction and methylation, (58) gave the methyl sulphide (59), and the 5-oxide gave bis(a-naphthyl) disulphide (75%) together with (58) (6%) and the corresponding sulphone (4%), which was the major product (85%) from the 55-dioxide (Scheme 8). Thiets are believed to be... 

---