Basalt spilitization

Shimazu, M. (1971) On the authigenic minerals in the spilitic basalts in the inner belts of northeastern Japan. Proc, IMA-IAGOD Meeting 70, IMA Vol. Mineralog. Soc. Japan, Spec. Paper 1, 134-139. 

In the Karelian zone of the Karelides, BIF are known in northern Finland in the spilite-diabase formation and are associated with basic volcanic rocks —pyroclastics, basaltic lavas and agglomerates—in northern Norway graphite schists and limestones are occasionally encountered in the sections. 

Hall A. (1989) Ammonium in spilitized basalts of southwest England and its implications for the recycling of nitrogen. Geochem. J. 23, 19—23. 

The Shackleton Limestone is overlain by clastic sedimentary rocks that have been assigned to the Dick, Douglas, and Starshot formations. The Dick Formation is composed of siltstone, argillite, sandstone, and silty limestone. Rees et al. (1988) reported that sandstones of the Dick Formation are ripple-marked and cross-bedded and that interbedded shales contain rare mud-cracks. In addition, an outcrop of the Dick Formation located east of Mt. Dick (89°49 S, 159°32 E) and about 20 km south of the Byrd Glacier contains a lava flow that is 9 m thick and is composed of spilite (Skinner 1964, 1965). Rees et al. (1988) later interpreted this lava flow as a pillow basalt and noted that the contact between it and sedimentary rocks of the Byrd Group was covered by snow. They also reported that they had obtained a whole-rock K-Ar date of 586 20 Ma (Neoproterozoic), which is incompatible with the presence of Early Cambrian fossils in the underlying Shackleton Limestone. Therefore, Rees et al. (1988)... 

Lanthanide mobility has been suggested to occur during the low-temperature metamorphic conditions such as spilitization and submarine weathering of basalts... 

Many authors have also proposed different reactions for the contact of very hot seawater in the rocks of deep sea vents, including Hardie (1990) who considered the primary reaction to be with basalt to form spilitic greenstone. With vents and various other hot calcium chloride brines Shvartsev and Bukaty (1996), Stura (1977,1974), Azizov (1975), Kissin and Pakhomov (1969), and Pastushenko (1967) have proposed reactions with a wide variety of other rocks. Several authors have also discussed rock leaching, adsorption, precipitation or ion exchange to add or remove components in the dolomitization brine. 

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