Balance equation of a transformation

Generally, a transformation is represented by its balance equation, which specifies the initial components, present before the transformation, and the end components. Symbolically, such a balance equation is written in the form  

Chemical Equilibria, First Edition. Michel Soustelle. 

This formulation shows the algebraic stoichiometric numbers v, which are counted as positive for the end components and as negative for the initial components. The sum is extended to all of the initial and final components. 

It is often useful for the balance equation to show the nature of the phases in which the components are. In order to do this, a system of symbols as outlined in Table 1.1 is included in tiie balance equations. According to this system, the vaporization of pure liquid water in an atmosphere composed 

To each transformation, for any extensive value A, we attribute a value, written as, called A associated with the transformation r. This value is 

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