Bacteria glycolipids

Wang, W. Liu, Z. Ma, L. Hao, C. Liu, S. Voinov, V. G. Kalinosvskaya, N. I. Electrospray ionization multiple-stage tandem mass spectrometric analysis of digycosyldiacylglycerol glycolipids from the bacteria Bacillus pumilus. Rapid Comm. Mass Spectrom. 1999,13,1189-1196. 

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which is a characteristic and widespread cell-surface constituent of gram-positive bacteria, is an amphiphile consisting of two covalently-bound distinct parts, i.e., a glycolipid and a hydrophilic poly(glycerol phosphate). 

NOVEL CYTOKINE-INDUCING MACROMOLECULAR GLYCOLIPIDS FROM GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA... 

Novel Cytokine-Inducing Macromolecular Glycolipids from Gram-Positive Bacteria... 

Glycolipid incorporated liposomes have found extensive use as sensors for the detection of Escherichia coli bacteria. Liposomes prepared using a diacetylene and a glucosyl lipid underwent a chromatic transition upon the addition of E. coli (Ma et al. 1998). The chromatic transition is sensitive to the diyne and glycolipid stmc-ture (Ma et al. 2000). An optimized vesicle assembly, consisting of a maltotriosyl lipid, phospholipid, and diyne, detected E. coli at a concentration of 2x10 cells/mL... 

Bacteria also contain a very rich variety of glycolipids with unusual structures. Lipid A13 is the site of attachement of the 0-specific chain of Gram (-) bacteria, which constitutes the antigenic lipopolysaccharide [87]. Other members of this family can be quoted, for example glycosyl glycerophospholipids in which the carbohydrate and glycerol moieties are linked by a phosphodiester bond (e.g. GPI anchor 14) [88] or carbohydrate esters (e.g. cord-factor of mycobacteria 15). 

Diacylglycerols can also be converted to a variety of glycolipids such as the galactolipids of chloro-plasts (Eq. 21-8). See also Chapter 8. These are the major lipids of photosynthetic membranes.98153-155 Some bacteria, e.g., the mycoplasma Acholeplasma... 

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