Bacteria antibacterial activities against

Tolypomycin Y (48) shows strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria and Neisseriagonorrheae. When adininistered by subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes, tolypomycin Y is effective in mice infected with Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcuspyrogenes and Diplococcuspneumoniae. Cross-resistance is observed with rifampicia but not with other antibiotics. Resistance to tolypomycin Y develops rapidly. The bioactivity of tolypomycin R... 

A 1,8-naphthyridine, nalidixic acid (39), shows clinically useful antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria as such, the drug is used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract. Condensation of ethoxymethylenemalonate with 2-amino-6-methylpyridine (36) proceeds directly to the naphthyri-dine (38) the first step in this transformation probably involves an addition-elimination reaction to afford the intermediate, 37. W-Ethylation with ethyl iodide and base followed by saponification then affords nalidixic acid (39). 

Rifaximin has been shown to possess good antibacterial activity against a variety of anaerobic bacteria (table 3) [24, 27, 28], Anaerobes have been shown to be capable of producing ammonia (especially Clostridia), which has been incriminated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy [29], The authors suggested that since rifaximin is a nonabsorbable and effective antibiotic against anaerobic flora, it would be an ideal treatment for patients with compromised hepatic function. Eubacterium is inhibited by rifaximin with an MIC90 < 2 pg/ml [27]. 

This macrocyclic peptidomimetic compound exhibits potent inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli deformylase as well as strong antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. 

Sato, M. et al., Flavones with antibacterial activity against carcinogenic bacteria, J. Ethnopharma-col, 54, 171, 1996. 

Some of the prenylated and lavandulylated flavanones from S. flavescens, kushenols P-S, exhibited significant antibacterial activities against the Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis. Bacillus subtilis, and Propionibacterium acnes. They also exhibited antiandrogenic activities. Kurarinone (114), 2 -(9-methylkurarinone (115), and the known sophoraflavanone G and leachianone A from the roots of S, flavescens, which all have 8-lavandulyl substitution and 2, 4 -di-(9-substitution of the B-ring, exhibited cytotoxic activity... 

Osawa, K. et ah, Isoflavanones from the heartwood of Swartziapolyphylla and their antibacterial activity against cariogenic bacteria. Chemical Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 40, 2970, 1992. 

Nalidixic acid is a first-generation quinolone that exhibits antibacterial activity against various gram-negative bacteria. It has been used exclusively in Japan for treatment of vibriosis and furunculoses of plasmonids. 

---