Backflushing technique

Backflushing techniques, well-known to analysts, are also extremely valuable tools. 

Yeast can be separated from an ethanol fermentation broth by porous ceramic membranes with backflushing [Matsumoto et al., 1988]. Tubular alumina membranes with a nominal pore diameter of 1.6 pm were demonstrated to be effective for this application with a maximum permeate flux of 1,1(X) IVhr-m with backflushing. The permeate flux increases with increasing feed rale (or crossflow velocity) and TMP and with decreasing yeast concentration. Various backflushing techniques were investigated and the reverse flow of filtrate (instead of air) either by pressure from the permeate side... 

Hollow fibers have the highest packing density of the existing modules but fluxes are low. They are mostly used in MBR in the outside-in mode (MF and UF membranes) in the pulp and paper industry at close to subcritical fluxes to avoid fouling. In addition, their cleaning is improved by backflushing techniques. Aeration is used to minimize particle adhesion and concentration polarization. 

Marcel Dekker, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be used or reproduced in any form widiout the express written permission of Marcel Dekker, Inc. Purge-Backflushing Techniques in Gas Chromatography 3... 

Johansen, I., Wendelboe, J. F. Dimethylformamide and Carbon Disulfide Desorption Efficiencies for Organic Vapors on Gas-Sampling Charcoal Tube Analysis with a Gas Chromatographic Backflush Technique, J. Chromatogr. 217, 317 (1981)... 

Figure 39. Arrangements for column switching technique A) Heart-, front-, and end-cut techniques B) Backflush technique C) Multidimensional chromatography a)-0 Column 1 -6 g) Detector h) Injection valve...

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