Azine substitution , activation aryl groups, electronic effects

Other functional groups, some weakly electron withdrawing, can also activate aryl fluorides towards nucleophilic aromatic substitution (1,6). A variety of heterocycles [for examples, see references 1,7,8,9,10,11,12] as well as other functional groups [e.g. perfluoroalkyl groups (13), azines (14), acetylenes (15), etc.] can effectively activate aryl fluorides toward S Ar reactions and many of these groups have been successfully used in the preparation of the corresponding poly(aiyl ethers). 

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