Diversity average

The sum of all average descriptor deviations divided by the number of descriptors L leads to the average diversity A ... 

The average diversity represents an estimator for the molecular diversity of a data set and is calculated for each descriptor in a data set. 

If everything works, MapMaker should select a 10 x 20 x 10 library that is more diverse, distinct from the corporate repository, and on average exhibits more desirable characteristics than the full virtual library. Figure 4 shows the diversity of the optimized library selected by MapMaker , relative to the average diversity for three 10 x 20 x 10 libraries formed by selecting reagents at random. Diversity was computed as the fraction of compounds in the library that occupy cells all by themselves in the chemistry space a perfect diversity by this definition is 1. The optimized library has a nearly perfect score, whereas the random libraries possess about half the diversity. Uniqueness of the optimized... 

The water supply to the Delta comes predominantly from the Sacramento River ( 80%) with lesser amounts from the San Joaquin River ( 15%) and rivers on the east side of the Delta ( 5%). Year-to-year variability in water supply is large. Combined average annual unimpaired runoff (an estimate of flows without upstream dams or diversions) for the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers for the past century ranges from 6.2 km in 1977 to 68 km in 1983 [2]. The percentage of freshwater flows that go to San Francisco Bay are estimated to be 87% in wet years, 69% in average years, and 51% in dry years. Climate variability associated with the Mediterranean chmate of the region is an essential component of the Delta ecosystem. 

The recent development and application of methodologies sensitive at the single cell wall level has shown that traditional bulk analytical techniques average out important intrinsic heterogeneity in sampled populations. By exploring the diversity of cell walls using novel cryopreservation techniques for electron microscopy and non-invasive... 

As the metal particle size decreases the filament diameter should also decrease. It has been shown that the surface energy of thirmer filaments is larger and hence the filaments are less stable (11,17-18). Also the proportion of the Ni(l 11) planes, which readily cause carbon formation, is lower in smaller Ni particles (19). Therefore, even though the reasons are diverse, in practice the carbon filament formation ceases with catalysts containing smaller Ni particles. Consequently, well dispersed Ni catalysts prepared by deposition precipitation of Ni (average metal particle size below 2-3 nm) were stable for 50 hours on stream and exhibited no filamentous coke [16]. 

Molybdenum is not found naturally in its elemental form. It is obtained primarily from the mineral molybdenite (MoS2), which contains an average 59.9% of molybdenum. It is the only source of molybdenum which accounts for most of the world s molybdenum supply. Processing flowsheet of molybdenum from this commercial source into principal commercial forms is illustrative of the wide and diverse applications of molybdenum and its chemicals (Figure 1.19). 

Because of the diverse bacteria present in the GI tract, secondary intraabdominal infections are often polymicrobial.12 The mean number of different bacterial species isolated from infected intraabdominal sites ranged from 2.9 to 3.7, including an average of 1.3 to 1.6 aerobes and 1.7 to 2.1 anaerobes.13 14... 

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