Automatic labelling

Instant tack adhesives. These are usually used on high-speed automatic labeling machines, as the consistency of heat required to achieve adherence of the label effectively to the substrate (along with its cooling rate) is vital to the success of this method. 

While many possible approaches to statistical synthesis are possible, most work has focused on using hidden Markov models (HMMs). This along with the unit selection techniques of the next chapter are termed third generation techniques. This chapter gives a full introduction to these and explains how they can be used in synthesis. In addition we also show how these can be used to automatically label speech databases, which finds use in many areas of speech technology, including unit selection synthesis. Finally, we introduce some other statistical synthesis techniques. 

The use of automatic labelling algorithms is normally justified in terms of saving time [384], [5], [279]. In the past, we had small databases which could be labelled by hand, but as the databases we use today are larger, and because sometimes we wish to label the database very quickly, we require an automatic system. This argument basically says that automatic labelling is therefore a matter of convenience if we had an infinite supply of hand labellers we wouldn t have a problem. A second justification is that automatic systems can out perform human labellers in terms of accuracy and consistency, and so convenience alone is not the only justification automatic systems are in fact better, in our experience this certainly appears to be true. 

If the sample preparation is carried out in an inert gas (e.g. argon, krypton) atmosphere as it is in the case of physical vapor deposition (PVD), the inert gas atoms are captured in the structure of the deposited substance. In this method, the thin films prepared are automatically labeled by the inert gas, the release of which can be used for diagnostics of the film during its subsequent heating [3]. 

Type I second-degree AV block with bundle branch block (which is far less common than narrow QRS type I block) must not be automatically labeled as AV nodal. Outside of acute myocardial infarction, type I block and bundle branch block (QRS > 0.12 s) occur in the His-Purkinje system in 60-70% of the cases (10) (Fig. 10.5). In such cases exercise is likely to aggravate the degree of AV block. Yet, many still believe that type I blocks are all AV nodal and therefore basically benign. It is believed that the prognosis of infranodal type I block is as serious as that of type II block and a permanent pacemaker... 

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