Automatic dose delivery

A recent technological advancement is represented by the development of automatic dose delivery system, able to modulate the tube current on the basis of the depth of tissues to be scanned. In other words, this technique allows one to reduce patient radiation dose modifying the tube output according to the patient geometry during each rotation and in the longitudinal direction. 

In routine analysis, often a one-dimensional so-called end-point titration can be automatically carried out up to a pre-set pH or potential value and with a previously chosen overall titration velocity in order to avoid overshoot, the inflection point should be sufficiently sharp and the titrant delivery must automatically diminish on the approach to that point in order to maintain equilibrium, and stop in time at the pre-set value. For instance, the Metrohm 526 end-point titrator changes both the dosing pulse length and its velocity by means of a pulse regulator in accordance with the course of the titration curve in fact, the instrument follows the titration two-dimensionally, but finally reports only a one-dimensional result. The Radiometer ETS 822 end-point titration system offers similar possibilities. However, automated titrations mostly represent examples of a two-dimensional so-called eqilibrium titration, where the titration velocity is inversely proportional to the steepness of the potentiometric titration curve hence the first derivative of the curve can usually also be recorded as a more accurate means of determining the inflection... 

---