Automated monitoring of waters

Automated analysis of waters can be performed either by contact or contactless measurements. 

A contactless system is based on the measurement of electromagnetic radiation from the water surface caused by the component to be determined. This method can be used for the determination of temperature, turbidity, chlorophyll, oils, etc. 

The contact measurements can be carried out using both in situ and on line methods. The difference is that whereas in the case of the in situ measurement the sensors are immersed directly in the investigated water, in the case of the on line measurement the sample of water is transported by a pump into a building sited on the bank or to a sensor situated in another place. 

The on line system measurements can be divided into the following two groups  

Krajca, J. Natural Waters Sampling. SNTL, Prague 1983 (in Czech). 

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