Australian oil shales

Crisp, P. T./ Ellis, J./ Hutton, A. C./ Korth, J./ Martin, F. A./ Saxby, J. D. Australian oil Shales a compendium of geological and chemical data. CSIRO Institute of Energy and Earth Resources North Ride NSW, Australia, 1987. 

Eckstrom, H., Hurst, H.J. and Randall, C.J., "The chemical and retorting properties of selected Australian oil shales" (this volume)... 

Chemical and Retorting Properties of Selected Australian Oil Shales... 

The rates of oil, hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide evolution during the retorting of five Australian oil shales at linear heating rates have been determined and analysed in terms of the Anthony-Howard model for non-iso-thermal kinetics. Significant differences in the retorting properties of these shales were obtained, particularly with respect to the rates of the hydrogen and carbon dioxide evolution. 

This paper presents results of some laboratory scale studies of the chemical and retorting properties of representative samples from five Australian oil shale deposits. In general terms, the results indicate that these shales differ significantly in their chemical properties both from each other and from the shale of the Green River deposit. 

The temperature dependencies of these parameters reveal chemical and physical transformations that occur in the nature of the kerogen materials and the pyrolysis products. Examples of -H NMR thermal scanning of Australian oil shales are presented which illustrate this method of 1h NMR thermal analysis. 

Earnest (128) studied the oxidative profiles of several American and Australian oil shales using TG-DTG. For American and Canadian oil sands. Rosenvold et al. (129) obtained TG and DSC curves of bitumen extracts. The extracts were heated in an inert atmosphere, yielding curves showing that thermal decomposition takes place in two distinct stages. The first stage reaches a maximum at about 350°C, whereas the second shows a rate maximum at 475 C. 

Australian Oil Shales in Inert Dynamic Atmospheres," Thermochim. Acta 58 271 (1982). 

Saxby J.D. and Sato S. (1990). Liquid Products From Pyrolysis of Synthetic and Natural Blends of Australian Low Rank Oil Shales and Lignites. Fuel 69, pp. 1109-1112... 

Sample/Wt % Ash By Colorado Shale Colorado Shale Australian Shale Oil Australian Shale Oil... 

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