Atom loss coefficient

The ratio diss/f is about 0.3-0.5 therefore, the direct dependence of the dissociation rate coefficient on electron temperature is not significant. Assuming that atom formation is due to the dissociation of molecules and atom losses are due to vacuum pumping with speed Sp (the loading effect is discussed next), the kinetic balance equation for atomic oxygen density o can be presented as... 

All afterglow experiments, whether the plasma is stationary or flowing, have in common that the recombination occurs in the presence of a substantial density of third particles, such as neutral atoms, electrons, and ions. One measures the volume loss rate of free electrons and derives a deionization coefficient, ... 

The balanced reaction must have equal loss and gain of electrons, so there must be two times as many N atoms as Cu atoms. Insert a coefficient of 2 in front of NO3 and NOj ... 

The cell sizes are expected to exceed any molecular (atomic) scale so that a number of particles therein are large, Ni(f) 1. The transition probabilities within cells are defined by reaction rates entering (2.1.2), whereas the hopping probabilities between close cells could easily be expressed through diffusion coefficients. This approach was successfully applied to the nonlinear systems characterized by a loss of stability of macroscopic structures and the very important effect of a qualitative change of fluctuation dispersion as the fluctuation length increases has also been observed [16, 27]. In particular cases the correlation length could be the introduced. The fluctuations in... 

Arrhenius plots of conductivity for the four components of the elementary cell are shown in Fig. 34. They indicate that electrolyte and interconnection materials are responsible of the main part of ohmic losses. Furthermore, both must be gas tight. Therefore, it is necessary to use them as thin and dense layers with a minimum of microcracks. It has to be said that in the literature not much attention has been paid to electrode overpotentials in evaluating polarization losses. These parameters greatly depend on composition, porosity and current density. Their study must be developed in parallel with the physical properties such as electrical conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, density, atomic diffusion, etc. 

When an electron neutralizes a positive ion, the energy released can be dissipated either in photon emission (radiative recombination), or by a third body encounter with the transient excited atom or molecule (three-body recombination) or by the fragmentation of the transient excited molecule (dissociative recombination). Radiative recombination only occurs with a very small probability and three-body recombination only occurs at high pressures or high charge densities, neither of these being appropriate to the atmospheric plasma. It is the dissociative process, exemplified by reactions (5a) and (5b), which is dominant in the ionosphere. In fact, reactions (5a) and (5b) are almost entirely responsible for the loss of ionization in the ionosphere above 85 km altitude (with N2 recombination contributing somewhat) as is readily shown by simple calculations based on laboratory determinations of dissociative recombination coefficients, are, for the dominant molecular ions 02 and NO+. 

The proportionality coefficient, a, can easily be found from equations (4.2) and (4.6). Indeed, according to reaction (4.2) an increase of the thickness of the ArBs layer at interface 3 is a result of diffusion of r A atoms. However, from reaction (4.6) it is seen that the loss of s ApBq molecules (sp qr) A atoms is accompanied by the formation of q ArBs molecules at interface 2. Then, from the proportion... 

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