Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models

The online coupled model system, Enviro-HIRLAM, which integrates a meteorological model and an atmospheric chemical transport model has been described and evaluated. [Pg.72]

HIRLAM/HARMONIE-Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models Integration... [Pg.215]

Baklanov A (2008) Integrated meteorological and atmospheric chemical transport modeling perspectives and strategy for HIRLAM/HARMONIE. HIRLAM Newsl 53 68-78... [Pg.225]

The aim of this section is to pull together the main points on coupling of Numerical Weather Prediction and/or Meso-meteorology (NWP/MM) and Atmospheric Chemical Transport Model (ACTM). Where possible, recommendations are given on the best practice and strategy for further developments and applications of integrated modelling systems. [Pg.230]

Wright D. L., Kasibhatla P. S., McGraw R., and Schwartz S. E. (2001) Description and evaluation of a six-moment aerosol microphysical module for use in atmospheric chemical transport models. J. Geophys. Res. 106, 20275-20291. [Pg.2055]

FIGURE 25.1 Elements of a mathematical atmospheric chemical transport model. [Pg.1093]

TABLE 25.1 Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models Defined According to Their Spatial Scale... [Pg.1095]

THREE-DIMENSIONAL ATMOSPHERIC CHEMICAL TRANSPORT MODELS... [Pg.1102]

The starting point of atmospheric chemical transport models is the mass balance equation (18.1) for a chemical species il... [Pg.1102]

Previously we assumed an incompressible atmosphere, for which duj/dxj = 0. This is a reasonable approximation for layers close to the Earth s surface and therefore for uiban-scale atmospheric chemical transport models. The continuity equation for the compressible atmosphere is... [Pg.1110]

For global atmospheric chemical transport models with a domain representing the entire atmosphere of the planet, spherical coordinate systems offer a series of advantages. The coordinates chosen are the latitude <(>, the longitude l, and the cr-vertical coordinate described in the previous section. The coordinate-system-independent atmospheric diffusion equation is... [Pg.1114]

Equation (25.85), the basis of every atmospheric model, is a set of time-dependent, nonlinear, coupled partial differential equations. Several methods have been proposed for their solution including global finite differences, operator splitting, finite element methods, spectral methods, and the method of lines (Oran and Boris 1987). Operator splitting, also called the fractional step method or timestep splitting, allows significant flexibility and is used in most atmospheric chemical transport models. [Pg.1116]

Similar global implicit formalisms can be developed to treat any form of partial differential equations in an atmospheric model. Accuracy of the solutions can be tested by increasing the temporal and spatial resolution (decreasing Ax, Ay, Az, and Ar) and repeating the calculation. However, because the full problem is solved as a whole, implicit formalisms require solution of very large systems, are slow, and require huge computational resources. Even if finite difference methods are easy to apply, they are rarely used for solution of the full (25.85) in atmospheric chemical transport models. [Pg.1118]

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