Aryl-alkenyl cross-coupling, palladium-catalyzed scope

Suzuki Coupling Reaction Suzuki reaction is palladium-catalyzed cross-couphng between organoboronic acid and halides. Recently, newly developed catalysts and methods have broadened possible applications enormously, so that the scope of the reaction partners is not restricted to aryls but includes alkyls, alkenyls, and alkynyls. Potassium trifluoroborates and organoboranes or boronate esters may be used instead of boronic acids. Some pseudohaUdes (e.g., triflates) may also be used as coupling partners. 

The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction involves the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling between organoboron compounds and halides. In most cases, aryl halides are used as electrophiles, but recent developments have broadened the scope and alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl halides can be successfully used as reaction partners. Among C—C coupling reactions, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction has become one of the most appealing because the reactants are air stable, nontoxic and tolerant of a variety of functional groups. 

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