Artery left gastric splenic

In the classical description of the arterial anatomy, the celiac trunk trifurcates into the left gastric, splenic, and common hepatic arteries. The common... 

Fig. 4.1. CT angiogram showing an independent origin from the abdominal aorta of the common hepatic artery, the left gastric artery, and the splenic artery. This information is useful prior to performing a DSA study...

Fig. 5.1. DSA of celiac trunk with a 5-F Cobra catheter. Left gastric artery (white arrow), splenic artery (arrowheads), common hepatic artery (white arrowhead), gastroduodenal artery (small white arrow), right gastroepiploic artery (small white arrowheads), left (small arrow) and right (double small arrow) hepatic artery...

The stomach is irrigated by the gastric arteries (left and right), the gastroepiploic arteries (left and right) and the short gastric arteries (from the distal splenic artery) (Fig. 5.2). 

The hepatic and splenic arteries typically arise from the celiac axis, which has its origin at the T12/ LI level of the abdominal aorta. The three main branches of the celiac include the splenic, left gastric, and common hepatic arteries. The splenic artery is typically large and tortuous and supplies small branches to the pancreas. The common hepatic branches into the gastroduodenal and proper hepatic arteries. There is significant variant anatomy of the hepatic arteries Aat the interventionist should be aware of. The most common variation is the replaced right hepatic artery, which arises from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). This occurs in 12%-15% of the population. Other less frequent variations include the replaced left hepatic from the left gastric artery (11%) and the completely replaced common hepatic from the SMA (2%). 

Visceral aneurysms are uncommon and most frequently involve the splenic artery. They may also arise from the pancreaticoduodenal branches of either the GDA or SMA and the left gastric artery (Fig. 14.3). Although an underlying cause may not he demonstrated, many of these are associated with acute or chronic pancreatitis or are secondary to atheromatous disease. Atheromatous stenosis of the coeliac axis or compression of the coeliac axis by the median arcuate ligament of the diaphragm results in hypertrophy of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries and is associated with aneurysm formation. 

The hepatic arterial administration of W/O/W and O/W emulsions to rats were performed as follows Nine-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were anaesthetized intraperitoneally with sodium pentobarbiturate solution. The gastroduodenal and splenic arteries of each rat were ligated with clips. The emulsion was infused to a left gastric artery with a catheter and then the ligatures were removed. The dose was 400 il/kg. The hepatic artery was ligated with a thread at 5 minutes after administration of the emulsion. 

Ligature of the left splenic-hepatic-gastric artery (J.K. Berman et al., 1952)... 

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