Aqueous reactions glutathione

Figure 45-6. Interaction and synergism between antioxidant systems operating in the lipid phase (membranes) of the cell and the aqueous phase (cytosol). (R-,free radical PUFA-00-, peroxyl free radical of polyunsaturated fatty acid in membrane phospholipid PUFA-OOH, hydroperoxy polyunsaturated fatty acid in membrane phospholipid released as hydroperoxy free fatty acid into cytosol by the action of phospholipase Aj PUFA-OH, hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid TocOH, vitamin E (a-tocopherol) TocO, free radical of a-tocopherol Se, selenium GSH, reduced glutathione GS-SG, oxidized glutathione, which is returned to the reduced state after reaction with NADPH catalyzed by glutathione reductase PUFA-H, polyunsaturated fatty acid.)...

The rate of reaction with A-acetoxy-A-benzyloxybenzamide (115, Y = H), determined dilatometrically in aqueous acetonitrile at 294 K, showed first-order dependence upon concentrations of both mutagen and azide and yielded a bimolecular rate constant of ca 1.9 lmol s. Reaction of hydroxide ion with 139 proceeded with similar, large rate constants in aqueous organic media. Rate constants for the reaction of A-acyloxy-A-alkoxyamides with softer nucleophiles, aromatic amines or glutathione were slower by two to three orders of magnitude ... 

Ellison DH, Salmon GA, Wilkinson F (1972) Nanosecond pulse radiolysis of methanolic and aqueous solutions of readily oxidizable solutes. Proc R Soc Lond A 328 23-36 Erben-Russ M, Bors W, Saran M (1987) Reactions of linoleic acid peroxyl radicals with phenolic antioxidants a pulse radiolysis study. Int J Radiat Biol 52 393-412 Eriksen TE, Fransson G (1988) Radical-induced oxidation of glutathione in alkaline aqueous solution. Radiat Phys Chem 32 163-167... 

Sjoberg L, Eriksen TE, Revesz L (1982) The reaction of the hydroxyl radical with glutathione in neutral and alkaline aqueous solution. Radiat Res 89 255-263 Sosa C, Schlegel H B (1987) An ab initio study of the reaction of OH + C2H4 —sOHCHjCHj —> products. J Am Chem Soc 109 7007-7017... 

Hildenbrand K (1995) Spin-trapping studies of the reaction of the sulfate radical ion with N1-substituted pyrimidine bases. Comparison with continuous-flow electron paramagnetic resonance experiments.) Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 2153-2162 Hildenbrand K, Schulte-Frohlinde D (1997) Time-resolved EPR studies on the reaction rates of per-oxyl radicals of polyfacrylic acid) and of calf thymus DNA with glutathione. Re-examination of a rate constant for DNA. Int J Radiat Biol 71 377-385 Hildenbrand K, Behrens G, Schulte-Frohlinde D, Herak JN (1989) Comparison of the reaction OH and S04- radicals with pyrimidine nucleosides. An electron spin resonance study in aqueous solution. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 283-289... 

The kinetics of the piperidino-defluorination reaction of l-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene have been studied in non-aqueous reverse micelles consisting of ethylene glycol-AOT-/ -heptane or DMF-AOT-n-heptane. The reaction, which is not base catalysed, is accelerated when DMF, a non-hydrogen bond donor solvent, is used in the micelle core.22 Catalysis by human glutathione 5-transferase M la-la of the reaction of glutathione with 1-chloro- and l-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzenes has been investigated. Much stronger enzymatic catalysis was observed in the case of the dechlorination reaction than for the defluorination and a transition-state model was proposed 23... 

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