Application of Wave Mechanics to the Nucleus

The application of wave mechanics to the nucleus is met by the essential difficulty that the dimensions of the nucleus are of the same order of magnitude (10 cm.) as the diameter of the electron, which 

There is another method for the determination of the nuclear moment, based upon the intensity relations in the band spectra of molecules ( 3, p. 238) but we cannot deal with this here. 

Closely connected with the mechanical moment of nuclei is their magnetic moment. We have already ( 7, p. 166) made some remarks about the determination of this quantity, particularly for the proton. We may add here that it is also possible to evaluate magnetic nuclear moments by the theoretical calculation of the dimensions of the fine structure, and comparison with the measurements. 

The quantities so far considered are properties of the nucleus in its natural state of equilibrium. But nuclei, as we have seen, can also be excited and disintegrated ( 6, p. 61). Tlie points for consideration are wbat are the experimental facts, and how far can they be explained theoretically  

In tEe case of otEer substances, Eowever, e.g. radium and actinium, in spite of tEe most tEorougE investigation, tEe only product found is tEat corresponding to tEe a-transformation. Consequently tEe -rays cannot come out of tEe nucleus. Now some of tEese substances sEow a measurable y-radiation tEis suggests tEerefore tEat tEe -rays come from tEe external electronic envelope, from wEicE tEey are expelled by tEis y-radiation. 

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