Apparition frequency

The graphic construction of this computation is given in Fig. 5.4. Two examples are given the first concerns the processing of 50 samples and the second the processing of 100 samples. When the mean value of the processed measurements has been computed, we can observe that it corresponds to the measurement that has the maximum value of apparition frequency. The differences observed between the two measurements are the consequence of experimental errors [5.16, 5.17]. Therefore, all the measurement errors have a normal distribution written as a density function by the following relation ... 

By cooling the sample, one observes a narrowing of the quasielastic component and the apparition in the Raman spectrum of a low-frequency mode (40 cm ) at about 200 K. This mode shifts toward higher frequencies due to the decrease of its damping and presents only a small frequency anomaly at the phase transition (7c=V3 K). 

Samouillan et al. (2011) studied the dielectric properties of elastin at different degrees of hydration and specifically at the limit of freezable water apparition. The quantification of freezable water was performed by DSC. Two dielectric techniques were used to explore the dipolar relaxations of hydrated elastin dynamic dielectric spectroscopy (DDS), performed isothermally with the frequency varying from 10 to 3 x 10 Hz, and the TSDC technique, an isochronal spectrometry running at variable temperature, analogous to a low-frequency spectroscopy (10 to 10 Hz). A complex relaxation map was evidenced by the two techniques. Assignments for the different processes can be proposed by the combination of DDS and TSDC experiments and the determination of the activation parameters of the relaxation times. As already observed for globular proteins, the concept of solvent-slaved protein motions was checked for the fibrillar hydrated elastin (Samouillan et al. 2011). 

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