Apical Poly

Collnot EM, Baldes C, Wempe MF, Hyatt J, Navarro L, Edgar KJ, Schaefer UF, Lehr CM (2006) Influence of vitamin E TPGS poly(ethylene glycol) chain length on apical efflux transporters in Caco-2 cell monolayers. J Control Release 111 35-40. 

The effector caspases (caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-7) are responsible for the morphological and biochemical changes that mark apoptosis. Activation of the effector caspases occurs via cleavage of the proform by activated initiator caspases and often marks the point of no return for cell death. Substrates for effector caspases include the caspases themselves (autoactivation), cytoskeletal components (i.e., actin, fodrin, and cytokeratins), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and nuclear matrix proteins like Lamin B. Detection of caspase-3 expression by immunohistochemistry has been studied extensively due to its apical position in the effector caspase cascade (7-9,11-16). As with the initiator caspases, it is important to determine which form of the enzyme is recognized by the spe-... 

Properties of Polyimide Films. Table 61.8 shows major properties of typical poly-imide films, Kapton H and Apical AV. These have good mechanical properties and provide excellent performance as base substrate films and coverlay films in dynamic flexing appUca-tions.They have flame-retardant characteristics, and it is not difficult to achieve Underwriters Laboratories (UL) flame class 94-V-O or 94-VTM-O. The largest disadvantage of polyimide film is its higher cost compared to other common plastic films such as PET. 

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