Antipersonnel land mines

Type 93 A/Tk (Antitank) and A/P (Antipersonnel) Land Mine, known as Tape Measure Mine, was a light metal cylinder 6% inches diam and 1% inches high, filled with 2-lbs of cast PA and Booster of pressed PA. It was activated by pressure on Percussion Primer, located on top of Mine (pp 202—03, Fig 152). Described in Ref 7>, p 183 as Land Mine Model 93 (1933)... 

Gelatine-Donarit and was provided with a pull or pressure igniter. Originally intended for use under ice, it was also adopted for use as an A/P (Antipersonnel) Land Mine, by encasing it in a concrete sheath ccntg shrapnel slugs... 

The vestiges of war creep into worldwide childhood morbidity and mortality. Antipersonnel land mines are the sixth preventable major cause of death in the world s children, with pneumonia, gastroenteritis, malaria, measles, and HIV being the first five causes (Beam, 2003). Injuries sustained by land mines include avulsion of both feet or lower limbs, shrapnel to the pelvis and abdomen, unilateral or bilateral blindness and conductive deafness (Beam, 2003). Long-term health care needs from land mine-sustained injuries are overwhelming to the children, their families and society. 

A land mine is intended for placement on the ground or beneath its surface and is designed to destroy or damage vehicles such as tanks ["antitank (A/T) landmines ], or to wound or kill the personnel ["antipersonnel (A/P) landmines"]... 

Mines and Traps. Italian antipersonnel (A/P) land mines of WWII were operated by pressure or trip wires. They were often difficult to detect, especially those operated by pressure in which only a portion of the lid or igniter appeared above the ground. Bakelite and wood were used in the construction of some mines to prevent detection by magnetic instruments... 

Bertrand G. and Bruschini C., Sensor Technologies for the Detection of Antipersonnel Mines, A Survey of Current Research and System Developments. EPFL- LAMI DeTeC. Lausanne, Switzerland. Bibliography Page 39 GAO- 01-239 Land Mine Detection, 1996. 

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