Polymer antimony-containing

A patent by Predvoditelev and coworkers [28] describes the synthesis of antimony-containing polymers from reaction of trialky antimonites with such hydroxyl compounds as cellulose, starch, and poly(vinyl alcohol). The products presumably contain Sb-0 units and as such are antimony ethers. 

Organometallic polymers - The chains of these polymers contain both carbon and metallic elements. They are also known as metal-containing polymers. Examples are antimony-containing polymers, arsenic-containing polymers, and so on. ... 

Surprisingly, phosphorus when combined with bromine is effective in nonoxygen containing polymers. In another reference, a mixture of a brominated compound and a triaryl phosphate was claimed to be effective in HIPS where antimony oxide is generally required as a synergist for bromine (ref. 7). 

A brownish-purple solid salt, T SbCls, made by reacting thianthrene with antimony(V) chloride at room temperature in chloroform (62BCJ1137, 62JCS4963 67BCJ2539), was shown, by comparison with a methylene chloride solution of the salt, to have the radical as free in the solid as in solution (69BCJ548). Antimony(V) chloride was used to oxidize a thianthrene-containing polymer, —[T—C(Ph)=C(Ph) presumably... 

The maximum flame-retardance is obtained with an antimony to halogen atomic ratio of 1 3 161). An intermediate product of the reaction of Sb203 with a halogen-containing polymer substrate, or with a flame retardant, is an antimony oxyhalide. Pitts found that other oxides may either promote (Fe203, CuO, Ti02) or hinder (ZnO, CaO, MgO) the decomposition of antimony oxyhalides. This, in turn, enhances or diminishes the overall flame-retardant effect161). 

Firstly there are forms of polymers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene, which are intrinsically fire retardant. The second types are rendered fire retardant by the inclusion of a suitable additive in the formulation. These include additives based on antimony, bromine, nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon. An essential requirement for fire retardant polymers used in enclosed spaces is that they do not release any toxic products upon combustion. Ffowever, antimony containing additives are going out of favour due to the release of toxic antimony volatiles upon combustion. The properties and mechanisms by which these polymers operate are discussed in Chapters 1 and 6. The third group of polymers consist of intumescent materials and these are being increasingly used as a means of imparting fire retardancy in polymers and this is discussed in Chapter 7. 

R. H. Partridge, Electro-luminescence from polyvinylcarbazole films. 2. Polyvinylcarbazole films containing antimony pentachloride, Polymer 1983, 24, 739. 

In halogen-containing polymers, the zinc borate can either partially or completely replace antimony oxide as a fire retardant synergist of halogen sources. The combination of antimony oxide and zinc borate can provide not only cost savings but also synergism in fire test performances (Figure 2). In addition, in contrast to antimony oxide, the zinc borate also... 

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