Anti-striation

Polymers based on COCs that have been described for photoresists are schematically shown in Figure 2.3. In addition, to the formulation a photoacid generator, di-(4-fcrf-butylphenyl)iodonium-10-camphor sulfonate is added. Other optional additives include anti-striation agents, plasticizers, speed enhancers, etc. Ethyl lactate acts as a solvent (61). Several other types of photoacid generators have been described (62). 

The patient, a 66-year-old man, was treated with 500 mg penicillamine daily for rheumatoid arthritis. After 6 months of treatment a bullous and crythcmatosquamous eruption developed on the trunk, scalp and arms. The Nikolsky phenomenon was positive. An erythematosquamous balanitis was present stomatitis did not develop. On cytological examination acantholytic cells were present. Histological examination revealed both aspects of toxicoderma and pemphigus. Intercellular immunofluorescence was positive in the superficial layers of both affected and apparently normal skin. Electron microscopic examination confirmed acantholysis. Anti-intercellular substances and anti-striational antibodies were detected in the serum ANF and LE cells were absent. The disorder rapidly disappeared after withdrawal of penicillamine, and a course of treatment with a corticosteroid. 

Dawkins et al. found that 6 (18%) of 34 patients with rheumatoid arthritis developed anti-striational antibodies in the serum during courses of therapy with penicillamine (28 ). None of these patients manifested overt myasthenia. The authors suggest that in addition to the anti-nuclear factor penicillamine might induce a variety of autoantibodies. 

The fine axial orientation of troponin T was then demonstrated using the antibodies against chymotryptic troponin T subfragments, i.e., troponin T1 (MW 18,700) and troponin T2 (MW 11,900) of chicken skeletal muscle (Ohtsuki, 1979b). Anti-troponin T2 stained the same position as that stained by the antibodies against troponin I and C, whereas antitroponin T1 stained a position 13 nm toward the Z line from that stained by anti-troponin T2. Thus each member of the striation pair formed by anti-troponin T was proved to be derived from different regions in the molecule. 

On separated thin filaments of rabbit skeletal muscle, anti-troponin T1 formed a relatively wide striation at the same position as in the case of chicken skeletal muscle. The Fab fragment of the antibody formed a narrow striation at a position corresponding to the top side of the filament of the wide striation formed by y-globulin (1. Ohtsuki, unpublished results). This is consistent with the latter explanation at least for the orientation of the antigenic regions in troponin Ti. A possible arrangement of troponin Ti and T2 regions in the thin filament is shown in Fig. 10. 

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