Anti-soliton

Fig. 9.12 Energy level schemes of solitons and polarons in polyacetylene (a) soliton, (b) anti-soliton, (c) negative soliton, (d) positive soliton, (e) negative polaron and (f) positive polaron.

The main results are that a reduction in particle size at one position of the array increases the potential at this point which may lead, at least, to localization, i. e. the single excess electron in the array might be trapped. At a packing defect, which affects the inter-particle capacitance at one point and acts like an inhomogenity, the soliton will interact with its mirror-image soliton (or anti-soliton) and will therefore be attracted. Concerning the practical use of this method, it was emphasized that the total reflection amplitude obtained from these calculations is directly related to the Landauer resistance,and reflects the electrical characteristics of such multijunction arrays. 

The conductivity of polyacetylene is related to the Peierls distortion. Two neutral free radicals (called a soliton-anti-soliton pair ) can be created simultaneously on the lattice (see... 

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