Anti-retrogradation

From Figure 10 and Table 2, we can find 1. Anti-retrogradation characteristic of waxy grain starch is better than that of non-waxy grain starch and tuber starch except potato starch. 2. Anti-retrogradation characteristic of waxy wheat starch is better than that of waxy corn starch. 3. The transparency of potato starch paste decreases after placed a period of time. 

The involvement of the proteasome suggests that the MHC class I heavy chains migrate back to the cytosol. Indeed, a cytosolic disposition of the deglycosylated intermediate can be confirmed by subcellular fractionation experiments. Furthermore, this intermediate can be immunoprecipitated from material reactive with anti-proteasome antibodies. Apparently, US2 and USll induce retrograde translocation, or dislocation , of MHC class I heavy chains from the ER to the cytosol, where the heavy chains are subjected to proteolytic degradation by the proteasome (Wiertz et al. 1996a,b). 

Then incubate overnight at room temperature in primary antibody diluted 1 5,000 in PBS—3 % NGS—0.3 % Triton X-100. On the following day, rinse sections three times (5 min each) in PBS, and incubate in biotinylated goat anti-mouse antibody, diluted 1 400 in PBS—3 % NGS—0.3 % Triton X-100 (1 h), followed by three rinses and by an incubation in ABC (1 h). Rinse sections three times (5 min each) in PBS and develop the HRP reaction as indicated in Sect. 3.1.3 just omitting to add the nickel ammonium sulfate to the DAB solution. This way, the immunohistochemical reaction product appears brown and is clearly distinguished from the black reaction product of the BDA retrograde labeling see Fig. 2). 

---