Substance antagonists

Studies of the histamine Hj-receptor antagonists substances were extracted from 97... 

Many of the most useful drugs are antagonists substances that reduce the action of another agent, which is often an endogenous agonist (e.g., a hormone or neurotransmitter). Though the most common mechanism is simple competition, antagonism can occur in a variety of ways. 

In this type of combination, some herbs can reduce the therapeutic effect of others. For instance, Lai Fu Zi [Raphani semen) can reduce the ability of Ren Shen [Ginseng radix) to tonify the Qi. This type of herbal combination and effect should be avoided in treatment. The Chinese medical tradition has identified 18 antagonistic substances ... 

Immunosuppressive molecules Aqueous humor contains several immunomodulatory substances, including TGF-pj free cortisol, IL-1 receptor antagonist, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide. It has been shown that RPE... 

Antagonist. Substance or drug capable of blocking (at the receptor) the activity of an agonist without exerting any effect itself. For example, antipsychotics are dopamine receptor antagonists. 

Table 24.1 Fifteen 5-HT2a-antagonistic substances and corresponding interaction energies caiculated using the 5-HT2a receptor modef...

Pekelharing is of an opposite opinion. To explain the revivification, he claims the presence of antagonistic substances in the serum at the beginning, and their subsequent formation during the course of preservation. The treatment with sodium hydroxide would result merely in the destruction of these injurious bodies which hide the presence of thrombin. This opinion agrees well nough with the fact that old serum, consequently changed, always acts as paralyzer of the active thrombin. 

The presence of antagonistic substances in the plasma itself and their sufficiently quick formation are considered by certain physiologists as important in the phenomenon of coagulation. According to them, in the circulating blood there i.s a little thrombin already formed. Of the numerous leucocytes, some are changed, others dead, and these let their enzyme exude, whidi the calcium ions of the plasma soon make active. How is it, then, that under these conditions the blood docs not dot in the blood-vessels It is because these vessels normally contain anti-coagulating substances. These, while in the... 

Injected substances Antagonistic substances elab orated... 

Fig. 38. An increased vitreal pressure calls for an antagonistic substance which under pressure will not immediately leave the eye through an opening. Thus the viscoelastic substance should feature a high viscosity at rest...

An interferon-antagonistic substance has been extracted from mouse costal cartilage, and in addition to its anti-interferon effect, it has been shown to share many properties of plant lectins. 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose and 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose, but not their respective 2-acetamido-deriva-tives, D-glucopyranosyluronic acid and L-rhamnose, are efficient inhibitors of the anti-interferon-induced cell agglutination. 

Kobayashi, j., Y. Ohizumi, H. Nakamura, T. Yamakado, T. Matsuzaki, and Y. Hirata Ca-antagonistic Substance from Soft Coral of the Genus Sarcophyton. Experientia 39, 67 (1983). 

Lactobacilli are present in the vaginal microbiota of healthy cows. Some works have explored their capacity to prevent pathogen colonization by mechanisms such as the production of antagonistic substances as lactic acid, H O, or bacteriocins (Otero et al. 2006 Otero and Nader-Macias 2006 Nader-Macias et al. 2008). 

Espeche, M. C., Otero, M. C., Sesma, F, and Nader-Madas, M. E. (2009) Screening of surface properties and antagonistic substances production by lactic acid bacteria isolated from the mammary gland of healthy and mastitic cows. Vet Microbiol 135,346-357. 

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