Anomalous systems

We describe the intrusion detection system, which consists of two different neural networks. The first neural network is nonlinear PCA (principal component analysis) network, which permits to identify normal or anomalous system behavior. The second one is multilayer perceptron (MLP), which can recognize type of attack. 

Ko SF, Ng SH, Lee TY, Wan YL, Lee CM, Hsieh MJ et al. (2000) Anomalous systemic arterialization to normal basal segments of the left lower lobe helical CT and CTA findings. J Comput Assist Tomogr 24 971-976... 

Already, in the original study, it was demonstrated that 7(r) can predict regioselectivity for S Ar. It was shown for benzene and eight substituted benzenes that the lowest 7.. are found at the positions that are preferred for nitration and halogenation, for example, in toluene, 7 of similar magnitude are found over the ortho and para positions, whereas in nitrobenzene the lowest 7 is found at the meta position [82]. Even anomalous systems, such as protonated aniline (CjHjNHj ), which is a metalpara director, were correctly predicted. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that there is a linear correlation between the 7 at the para and/or meta positions for each system and the corresponding Hammett constant or Thus, the magnitude of the 7 reflects the relative reactivity of the different systems toward S Ar. Later studies showed that 7(r) reflects positional selectivity and relative reactivity also in heteroaromatic systems [75, 86, 87]. 

Luca Montanari, Roberto Baldoni, Claudio CiccoteUi, Federico Lombardi, Alessandro Donno and Adriano Cerocchi. Towards a non-Intrusive Recognition of Anomalous System Behavior in Data Centers ... 

Towards a Non-intrusive Recognition of Anomalous System Behavior in Data Centers... 

Fig. 22 Interrelation between the parameters f/l and a [the vertical line at a = 0.5 is drawn according to (34)]. The data for solutions of several typical polymers in organic solvents are almost exclusively located in the first quadrant open symbols), they only extend into the third quadrant for systems close to their demixing. Data for anomalous systems half-closed symbols), where the first step of dilution represents the main driving force to homogeneity, are entirely located in the third quadrant...

An anomaly is a deviation from the expected behavior it is anomalous behavior. In systems theory, an anomaly is a system action, state, or condition that is not expected or intended. It may or may not be hazardous, but it is generally the result of a failure, error, or combinations of failures and errors. For example, uncommanded rudder movement on an aircraft is an anomaly that is referred to as anomalous behavior. Identifying and evaluating potential anomalies and anomalous system behavior is one of the basic steps in HA. It is important to know and understand potential anomalous behavior and the risk presented. 

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