Anodes bimetal

Fig. 1. Bending motion of PAANa gel in dc electric fields. PAANa gel in an NaOH solution swells at the anode side and bends toward the cathode like a bimetal... 

An accelerated MIST test procedure has been developed which duplicates the mechanisms of corrosion of anodized aluminum trim in automotive environments. Blush and bloom of anodized aluminum automotive trim is more severe in environments with acid precipitation and this effect can be duplicated in an acidified MIST test procedure. Pitting of anodized aluminum is more prevelant in automotive environments with high chloride concentrations and this effect can be duplicated in a neutral chloride MIST test procedure. A change in the mechanism of corrosion of anodized aluminum trim from pitting to blush and bloom in chloride containing environments occurs in the pH range of 2 to 4. These results indicate that blush and bloom of anodized aluminum will become more severe as the acidity of precipitation increases. Thus more expensive trim materials such as bimetal are being used by the automotive industry. 

Because none of the methanol oxidation reaction proceeds as readily as the oxidation of hydrogen, there are considerable activation overvoltages at the fuel anode, as well as at the cathode in the DMFC. This is the main cause for the lower performance. Much work has been done to develop suitable catalysts for the anode of the DMFC. It is usually used as mixture of Pt and Ru in equal proportions. Other bimetal catalysts have been tried but this 50 50 Pt/Ru combination seems to guarantee the best performances [13, 82-84], The cathode reaction in the DMFC is the same as that for the hydrogen fuel cells with acid electrolyte, so the same catalyst is used. There is no advantage in using the more expensive Pt/Ru bimetal catalyst used on the anode [13, 82-84]. 

Homogeneous cathode-electrolyte, KjCrjO -LiCI-KCI Anode, Ca bimetal Heat paper pad, Zr-BaCr04... 

A calcium anode—either calcium foil (on nickel or iron foil collector) or calcium bimetal (deposited on either iron or nickel collector)... 

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