Anode carbon fabrication factors

It is the purpose of this paper to review the important factors which affect anode carbon usage in the aluminum industry, Consideration is given to the entire chain of events affecting carbon consumption, from the properties of the precursors for filler cokes and binder pitches, through production of these raw materials and their fabrication into anode carbon, and concluding with anode performance evaluation in full-size prebake and Soderberg cells of different designs. 

In addition to oxidation losses-by the above four mechanisms, mechanical carbon loss (dusting) also occurs due to uneven oxidation of the anode surface. Furthermore, a variety of other factors, related to anode fabrication and use, can affect carbon consumption. The most important of these factors are (1) raw material quality,... 

The almost universal replacement of carbon by metal anodes has led, by itself, to a reduction of the energy consumption by (0-15% (the cell voltage is changed by 0.45 V in —2.5 to — 5V). But, in addition, the chlor-alkali industry has benefited because anode replacement is no longer an important factor in the way the cell house is run and because the titanium to be coated may be fabricated in many forms This has helped to revolutionize cell design. 

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