High-pressure annealing

It is known that elevating the crystallization temperature [42,49] or annealing above the crystallization temperature [50] of PE results in a thicker folded-chain lamella of up to —200 nm. In addition to the higher temperature, if high pressure is applied, crystals can grow as thick as several micrometers in the chain axis direction [2-4,51]. 

Annealing drawn PE hydrostatically at high pressure, generates a wide spectrum of crystal thicknesses varying from the common oriented chain folded to the chain-extended structures — where folds and ties tend to disappear63 —. This range of crystal thicknesses coupled with the chain axis orientation, offers a suitable model in... 

Cleavage plane of high pressure stress annealed pyrol)dic graphite. 

Annealing at temperatures up to and above 2000 K is easily achieved due to the availability of different furnaces. Studies at high pressure demand more complex... 

Fig. 1.35 XRD pattern of MgH hydride after milling and annealing in Sieverts apparatus during thermal stabilization of the measuring system for 45 min at 300, 325, and 350°C under high pressure of hydrogen (4.5 MPa)...

Fig. 11.9 Raman spectra of (a) pristine SWNTs, (b) SWNTs treated at high pressure and high temperature in the absence of a hydrogen atmosphere, and (c) hydrogenated SWNTs after annealing in vacuum at =550°C for 1 h...

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