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Animal models, organ therapy

CNTs have been studied for cancer therapies despite the fact that these have been shown to accumulate to toxic levels within the organs of diverse animal models and different cell lines (Fiorito et al., 2006 Tong and Cheng, 2007). The molecular and cellular mechanisms for toxicity of carbon nanotubes have not been fully clarified. Furthermore, toxicity must be examined on the basis of multiple routes of administration (i.e., pulmonary, transdermal, ocular, oral, and intravenous) and on multiple species mammals, lower terrestrial animals, aquatic animals (both vertebrates and invertebrates), and plants (both terrestrial and aquatic). A basic set of tests for risk assessment of nanomaterials has been put forward (Nano risk framework). [Pg.298]

The recommended therapy for patients with left-sided IE caused by methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) is 4 to 6 weeks of naf-cUlin or oxacillin, often combined with a short course of gentamicin (see Table 109-6). Erom in vitro studies, the combination of an aminoglycoside and peniciUinase-resistant penicillin or vancomycin enhances the activity of these drugs toward MSSA. In animal models of endocarditis, combinations of penicillin with an aminoglycoside eradicate organisms from vegetations more rapidly than penicillins... [Pg.2005]


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Animal models

Animal models, organ

Animals organs 327

Model animal models

Model organism

Organic modeling

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