Angiotensin n receptor antagonists

Brabant SM, Bertrand M, EyraudD, DarmonP-L, Coriat P. The hemodynamic effects of anesthetic induction in vascular surgical patients chronically treated with angiotensin n receptor antagonists, Anesth Analg (1999) 88,1388-92. 

For example, o-tolyl-benzonitrile, is produced by Clariant using the Suzuki coupling (Eq. 8-25). The compound is a key intermediate for the production of a series of so-called angiotensin-n receptor antagonists against high blood pressure [3]. 

Salimbeni, A., Canevotti, R., Paleari, E, Poma, D., Caliari, S., Fici, E, Cirillo, R., Renzetti, A.R., Subissi, A., Belvisi, L., Bravi, G., Scolastico, C. and Giachetti, A. (1995) N-3-substituted pyrim-idinones as potent, orally active, AT, selective angiotensin II receptor antagonists, J. Med. Chem., 38, 4806 1820. 

Attempts to counteract tolerance development include the use of thiols such as N-acetylcysteine, antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Other approaches to decreasing the development of tolerance include intermittent therapy... 

Nl. Nakamura, T., Ushiyama, C., Suzuki, S., Hara, M., Shimada, N., Sekizuka, K., Ebihara, I., and Koide, H., Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, angiotensin II receptor antagonist and calcium antagonist on urinary podocytes in patients with IgA nephropathy. Am. J. Nephrol. 20, 373-379 (2000). 

Ishiguro N, Maeda K, Kishimoto W, et al. Predominant contribution of OATP1B3 to the hepatic uptake of telmisartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, in humans. Drug Metab Dispos 2006 34 1109-1115. 

N. Rankine, J. M. Revill, D. A. Roberts, and S. T. Russell, /. Med. Chem., 35,4027 (1992). New Nonpeptide Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists. 2. Synthesis, Biological Properties, and Structure-Activity Relationships of 2-Alkyl-4-(biphenylylmethoxy)quinoline Derivatives. P. Biihlmayer, L. Criscione, W. Fuhrer, P. Furet, M. de Gasparo, S. Stutz, and... 

Not fully understood. It eould be that, as with the ACE inhibitors, angiotensin n reeeptor antagonists inhibit aldosterone secretion, resulting in increased sodium loss by the kidney tubules. This causes lithium retention and thus an increase in lithium levels. However, angiotensin II receptor antagonists have less effect on aldosterone than the ACE inhibitors, making a clinically significant interaction less likely. Animal studies show that ramipril, but not losartan, decreases the excretion of lithium by the kidney, which would support this idea. 

Carini, D.J., Dunda, J.V., Aldrich, P.E., Chiu, A.T, Johnson, A.L., Pierce, M.E., Price, W.A., Santella, J.B., 111, and Wells, G. (1991) Nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists the discovery of a series of N-(biphenylylmethyl)imidazoles as potent, orally active antihypertensives. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 34, 2525-2547. 

Bradbury, R.H., Allott, C.P., Dennis, M., Fisher, E., Major, J.S., Masek, B.B., Oldham, AA., Pearce, R.J., Rankine, N., Revill, J.M., Roberts, D.A., and Russell, S.T (1992) New nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonists. 2. Synthesis, biological properties, and stmcture-activity relationships of 2-aIkyl-4-(biphenylylmethoxy)quinoline derivatives. Journal ofMedicirml Chemistry, 35, 4027-d038. 

Salimbeni A, Canevotti R, Paleaii F, Poma D, Caliari S, Fici F, Cirillo R, Renzetti AR, Subissi A, Belvisi L, Bravi G, Scolastico C, Giachetti A (1995) N-3-Substituted pyrim-idinones as potent, orally active, ATI seleetive angiotensin II receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 38 4806 820... 

Torrealday, N. Gonzalez, L. Alonso, R.M. Jimenez, R.M. Ortiz Lastra, E. Experimental design approach for the optimisation of a HPLC-fluorimetric method for the quantitation of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist telmisartan in urine, J.Pharrn.Biomed.Anal., 2003, 32, 847-857. 

Daneshtalab, N. Lewanczuk, R.Z. Jamah, F. High-performance Uquid chromatographic analysis of angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan using a hquid extraction method, J.Chromatogr.B, 2002, 766, 345-349. [fluorescence detection LOQ 10 ng/mL losartan is internal standard]... 

Bovy PR, Reitz DB, Collins JT, Chamberleiin TS, Olins GM, Corpus VM, McMahon EG, Palomo MA, Koepke JP, Smits GJ, McGraw DE, Gaw JF (1993) Nonpeptide angiotensin II antagonists N-phenyl-lH-pyrtole derivatives are angiotensin II receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 36 101-110... 

Wienen W, Hauel N, Van Meel JCA, Narr B, Ries U, Entzeroth M (1993) Pharmacological characterization of the novel nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist BIBR 277. Brit J Pharmacol 110(l) 245-252... 

Murugesan N, Gu Z, Fadnis L, et al. Dual angiotensin II and endothelin A receptor antagonists synthesis of 2 -substituted N-3-isoxazolyl biphenylsulfonamides with improved potency and pharmacokinetics. J Med Chem 2005 48 171-179. 

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