Amyloid, methylation

It should be noted that other types of activity, besides the increase of neurotransmitter levels, are also being explored as leads for chemotherapeutic treatment of AD. These include the prevention of glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity by antagonism ofN-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, antioxidants, antiinflammatories and inhibitors of fl-amyloid synthesis, but these are not covered to any extent in this chapter. 

Chauhan A, Chauhan VPS, Brockerhoff H, Wisniewski HM (1991) Action of amyloid beta-protein on protein kinase C activity. Life Sci 49 1555-1562 Chen PL, Chen CF, Chen Y, Xiao J, Sharp ZD, Lee WH (1998) The BRC repeats in BRCA2 are critical for RAD51 binding and resistance to methyl methanesul-fonate treatment. Proc Natl Acad Sd USA 95 5287-5292 Chen CY, Faller DV (1999) Selective inhibition of protein kinase C isoenzymes by Fas ligation.) Biol Chem 274 15320-15328... 

To test the feasibility of enzyme-catalyzed enantiosective reactions in solid/gas reactors and to evaluate the efficiency of the resolution obtained in the gas phase compared to liquid systems, resolution of racemic 2-pentanol, catalyzed by CALB, through alcoholysis with methyl propanoate as acyl donor has been investigated in both liquid media and the gas phase [24]. As CALB has an enantiopreference for R enantiomers of secondary alcohols, this last reaction leads to S-2-Pentanol. This compound is a chiral intermediate in the synthesis of several potential anti-Alzheimer s drugs that inhibit 3-amyloid peptide release and/or its synthesis [25]. The degree of enantioselectivity was measured by using the enantiomeric ratio E, which is defined as the ratio of the specificity constants kcat/KM for the enantiomers (R/S in this case). E can be determined from the enantiomeric excess of... 

Ye, C., Walsh, D. M., Selkoe, D. J., and Hartley, D. M. (2004). Amyloid beta-protein induced electro-physiological changes are dependent on aggregation state N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) versus non-NMDA receptor/channel activation. Neurosci Lett 366, 320-325. 

Marchetti L, Klein M, Schlett K, Pflzenmaier K, Eisel UL (2004) Tumor necrosis factor (TNE)-mediated neuroprotection against glutamate-induced exdtotoxicity is enhanced by iV-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation. Essential role of a TNE receptor 2-mediated phos-phatidyUnositol 3-kinase-dependent NE-kappa B pathway. J Biol Chem 279 32869-32881 Mark RJ, Lovell MA, Markesbery WR, Uchida K, Mattson MP (1997) A role for 4-hydroxynonenal, an aldehydic produd of Upid peroxidation, in disruption of ion homeostasis and neuronal death induced by amyloid p-peptide. J Neurochem 68 255-264 Mattson MP, Meffert MK (2006) Roles for NF-kappaB in nerve cell survival, plasticity, and disease. Cell Death Differ 13 852-860... 

Rammes G, Rupprecht R, Fetrati U, Zieglgansbetger W, Parsons CG (2001) The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel blockers memantine, MRZ 2/579 and other amino-alkyl-cyclohexanes antagonise 5-HT(3) receptor currents in cultured HEK-293 and NlE-115 cell systems in a non-competitive manner. Neurosci Lett 306 81-84 Ray B, Baneijee PK, Geig NH, Lahiri DK (2009) Memantine treatment decreases levels of secreted Alzheimer s amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid beta (Abeta) peptide in the human neuroblastoma cells. Neurosci Lett [Epub ahead of print]... 

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