Amplification techniques enzymes needed

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a means to amplify a given stretch of nucleotides to determine their relative concentration in different cell samples, or to produce usable quantities of a sequence of nucleotides for DNA cloning. The technique allows for the amplification of a few copies (in theory, only one copy is needed) of a specific piece of DNA into perhaps billions of copies in a relatively short time. The procedure is relatively inexpensive, requiring only a thermocycler and the appropriate enzymes and reagents for processing. The first description of PCR was published in 1985 (Saiki et al., 1985), and has proven to be such an important technique that the Nobel Prize in 1993 was awarded to Kary Banks MuUis for its discovery. 

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