Ammonium perchlorate available oxygen

Oxidizers. The characteristics of the oxidizer affect the baUistic and mechanical properties of a composite propellant as well as the processibihty. Oxidizers are selected to provide the best combination of available oxygen, high density, low heat of formation, and maximum gas volume in reaction with binders. Increases in oxidizer content increase the density, the adiabatic flame temperature, and the specific impulse of a propellant up to a maximum. The most commonly used inorganic oxidizer in both composite and nitroceUulose-based rocket propellant is ammonium perchlorate. The primary combustion products of an ammonium perchlorate propellant and a polymeric binder containing C, H, and O are CO2, H2, O2, and HCl. Ammonium nitrate has been used in slow burning propellants, and where a smokeless exhaust is requited. Nitramines such as RDX and HMX have also been used where maximum energy is essential. 

Ammonium perchlorate satisfies most of the requirements and is used most widely in composite propellants all over the world. The greatest advantage of AP is the immense experience and vast information on AP-based propellants available over several decades which impart more confidence in this oxidizer. Other non-metallic oxidizers have also been investigated in detail but have not been found suitable for use for one reason or the other. Nitronium perchlorate (NP) which has positive heat of formation and highly favorable oxygen balance was also... 

Ammonium Perchlorate Not pertinent Not pertinent Not pertinent Not pertinent Water Data not available Decomposes with loss of oxygen that increases intensity of fire Not pertinent No ... 

Oxidizer. The major component of most composite solid propellants is the oxidizer. By far the most important oxidizer used in recent years is ammonium perchlorate (AP). This chemical possesses the desirable properties of high density, good thermal stability and oxygen availability, and relatively low reac-... 

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