Aminotransferases Antibiotics

Lindblom, P., Rafter, I., Copley C., Andersson, U., Hedberg, J., Berg, A.L., Samuelsson, A., Hellmold, H., Cotgreave, I. and Glinghammar, B. (2007) Isoforms of alanine aminotransferases in human tissues and serum-differential tissue expression using novel antibiotics. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 466, 66-77. 

Walker, J.B., 1995, Enzymatic synthesis of aminocyclitol moieties of aminoglycoside antibiotics from inositol by Streptomyces spp. Detection of glutamine-aminocyclitol aminotransferase and diaminocyclitol aminotransferase activities in a spectinomycin producer. J. Bacteriol. 177 818-822. 

C7H9NO2, Mr 139.15, amorphous powder, [a]u-454° (H2O). Synthetic racemate, mp. 196-197 °C antibiotic from Streptomyces toyocaensis, G. inhibits the enzyme GABA aminotransferase by formation of a Schiff s base and subsequent (irreversible) aromatiza-tion with formation of a m-anthranilic acid derivative. For racemic synthesis, see Lit, asymmetric or regio-selective syntheses, see... 

Another laboratory-scale application for yield enhancement has been demonstrated in Streptomyces clavuligerus (72). Insertion of a second copy of the lot gene into the chromosome caused a two- to fivefold increase in production of lactam antibiotics- The lot gene encodes lysine e-aminotransferase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of CX-aminoadipic acid, a precursor in penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotic biosynthesis. 

Parry RJ. Investigation of the biosynthesis of aristcromycin. Petroski RJ, McCormick SP. eds. Secondary-Metabolite Biosynthesis and Metabolism. New York Plenum Press, 1992 89-104. Lucher LA. Chen Y-M, Walker JB. Reactions catalyzed by purified L-glutamineiketo-scyllo inositol aminotransferase, an enzyme required for biosynthesis of aminocyclitol antibiotics. Antimicrob Agents Chemothet 1989 33 452-459. 

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