Aluminium continued alkaline

In Germany, Hoppecke has developed and built several prototypes of aluminiiun/air batteries with alkaline electrolytes and cylindrical aluminium anodes. The rods of aluminium are continually fed through gaskets at a rate which is identical to the rate of their consumption [15]. 

Weigh 4 g into a small dish and evaporate the volatile solvents on a water-bath. Triturate the residue with 1 ml of dilute ammonia solution until a smooth cream is obtained and continue as described above for Camphorated Tincture of Opium beginning with the words add chromatographic aluminium oxide. . . and ending with the words. to about 1-5 ml per minute by means of gentle suction. Extract the morphine from the eluate with 10, 10 and 5 ml of 2 per cent w/v sulphuric acid solution, combine the extracts in another separator and make alkaline to litmus paper with dilute ammonia solution. Complete by the method for Mixture of Ammonium Chloride and Morphine from the words shake vigorously for two to three minutes. . . , but dissolve the residue in exactly 5 ml of 0-5N hydrochloric acid and dilute with water to 50 ml. Use 10 ml of this solution for application of the iodic acid-nickel chloride reaction described above. 

In order to ensure continued neutralization it is necessary to avoid precipitation of blinding minerals on the surface of the alkaline material. This can be avoided if the water is anoxic and ferric iron and aluminium are not present in the water. Anoxic limestone drains are designed to achieve this (Fig. 7). These work by reacting CaCOs with the drainage acidity in an anaerobic environment such that ferric hydroxide precipitation will not occur. If it does then this leads to mantling of the limestone and effectively reduces the efliciency of the drain. This effect occurred at the Cwmstywth drain in central Wales and led to a complete failure of a limestone drain (Fuge 1993). 

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