Alternative Visions

Seeing only what one wants to see is a problem in microscopy too. The story of mitochondrial research begins in the late nineteenth century, blinded by the brilliant cytological research on the chromosomes and their 

Origin of Mitochondria and Hydrogenosomes (ed. by William F. Martin and Miklos Muller) Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 

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Simon, H. A. (1983), Alternative Visions of Rationality, in Reason in Human Affairs, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA. 

Decina, L. E. and L. Staplin (1993). Retrospective evaluation of alternative vision screening criteria for older and younger drivers. Accid. Anal Prev., 25(3), 267-275. 

Challenged by alternative models of engineering, those vested in the dominant practices of engineering do not simply dismiss technology s aitics, they craft alternative visions, which sometimes amount to counter-ideologies, to recontextualize the reformers claims to weaken their impact. 

The first molecular field theory of biaxial nematics was presented by Preiser [14] indeed it was his prediction which stimulated the hunt for thermotropic biaxial nematics. An alternative vision of the theory was then given by Straley [17] and, although not primarily concerned with liquid crystals, Boccara et al [33] have presented a theory applicable to uniaxial and biaxial nematic phases. The key feature of these theories is the potential of mean torque which is written using a second rank interaction as... 

Newtonianism also gave a new lease of life to the corpuscular approach by endowing matter with forces denied to it by Cartesian philosophy. Matter was empowered by the addition of action-at-a-distance to the hard-line ontology of form and motion. But there is an alternative vision of empowered matter that avoids the mechanist s vision of uniform matter and corpuscles altogether. It is possible to conceive nature as a collection of opposed forces that engender the phenomenal... 

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