Alternative Equipment Configurations

The most common and widely reported classification for PI was reported by Stankiewicz and Moulijn [1] in terms of PI equipments and methods or alternatively as PI hardware and software, by considering PI as a Toolbox. Dautzenberg and Mukheijee [10] proposed a classification based on multifunctionality at molecular scale (A), or at the reaction inter-phase (B), or at intra-reactor level (C), or at the inter-reactor (D) level. An alternative classification is proposed here cutting across the above two classifications (Fig. 1.1) by categorising into three classes viz., multifunctional operations, novel devices and alternate PI configurations. 

It should be borne in mind that there is no single answer as to which configuration of equipment is best for any individual power-generating scheme. Each alternative must be considered on its own merits, including the use of all available fuels. 

The batch reactor is extremely flexible compared with continuous reactor configurations. For example, temperature can easily be made a function of reaction time. Once the reactor is put into service, operational alternatives are still available. The tank can be operated halffull without affecting product quality, or the reaction time can be modified easily. Both of these changes may cause heat and mass transfer problems in fixed-volume continuous equipment. This flexibility is worthwhile for products that are made in various grades, have seasonal demand, or have subjective specifications such as the taste of beer. 

---