Alter Feed Stock

One way to reduce the need for using calcium carbide is to reduce the amount of high sulfur scrap employed in the casting. This method is commonly used in the steel industry where they require a higher grade scrap to be used. While this method is effective, the ability to obtain a steady supply of high grade scrap varies considerably and the economics usually favor a different solution (Stephens 1988). 

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Hazardous slags Alter feed stock SR Stephens 1988... 

To this point, moderate and high temperature lining details for inert atmospheres have been discussed. When impurities are added to the atmospheres being contained in the form of products of combustion or feed stocks, or when the atmospheres are oxidizing or reducing rather than inert, refractory lining performance can be radically altered. 

Similarly the Middle Eastern region will alter the balance of manufacturing petrochemicals, inimarily due to cheaper feed stock. It is expected that Middle-Eastern Producers will replace alx)ut 8 to 10 million tonnes a of the commodity plastics capacity in Europe. 

Corrosion monitoring must be coupled with diagnostic work and remedial action. In some cases of corrosion, remedial action may be obvious or easily deduced. In other cases, diagnostic work precedes a decision or remedial action. The options for remedying corrosion problems in a process plant are (i) install a CP system (ii) install an anodic protection system (iii) change equipment design (iv) improve feed stock purity (v) alter process variables (vi) change the alloy/material (vii) institute inhibitor additions (viii) institute planned maintenance. 

Furfural is a solvent that is widely used to extract raw lubricating feed stock to give a refined grade of lubricating oil. The solvency of furfural allows separation of undesirable aromatic and olefinic components from the desirable paraffinic and naphthenic fractions. A countercurrent extraction column gives the furfural extract which contains the undesirable fractions. A distillation step recovers the furfural for reuse in the process [4]. Furfural is used as an extractive distillation solvent in the purification of butadiene and isoprene. The presence of furfural in the process alters the relative volatility of the hydrocarbons enough so that a distillation separation is possible [5]. 

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