Alignment sample preparation

Successful flow cytometric analysis depends on adequate sample preparation (see Chapters 30-31), appropriate selection of probes or markers (see Subheading 2.), instrumentation, and data display and analysis. Each of these areas is interrelated and requires adequate attention to avoid the introduction of artifacts and misinterpretation of results. Flow cytometers tend to be excessively complicated and require a skilled operator for alignment and calibration, though manufacturers are introducing more compact, user-friendly data acquisition and image processing systems. 

Current disadvantages of the approach are certainly the sample preparation and structural interpretation the sample preparation with gel-based alignment... 

A sample prepared in the presence of boric acid shows all three ions I-, I3 and I5. When this sample is stretched, the L disappears, and the ratio of I to I3 increases dramatically. It was also shown that there is considerable alignment of the linear polyiodide ions along the direction of stretching. 

Two approaches are commonly used for NMR investigations of biological membranes and membrane-bound peptides first, the measurement of static spectra of uniformly aligned samples second measurement of the sample spun under MAS. The former method requires precise preparation and well-oriented samples in order to provide the high-resolution data. In the latter approach, individual species of PLs are randomly oriented in the rotor. The MAS technique is used for averaging the spin interactions (see Section 2.1). A method that combines both the above approaches (MAOSS) will be discussed in Section 3.1.3.2. 

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